Analgesics: from chemistry and pharmacology to clinical application

What is pain?

Cyclooxygenase inhibition: from NSAIDS to selective COX-2 inhibitors

Opioids

NA and 5-HT reuptake inhibitors and 2 agonists

Gabapentin and gabapentinoids

Voltage-gated ion channels

Sodium channels

Potassium channels

Calcium channels

Glutamate receptors

Acetylcholine receptors

Further opioid receptors

Adenosine

P2 receptors

Natural and synthetic cannabinoids

Vanilloids and the VR1 receptor

Substance P/NK1 receptors

CGRP₁-receptor antagonists

Nitric oxide

Outlook - the future of pain management.