1. History and Oppressive Police Practice against Minorities
Purpose of Police in the United States
Modern American Police Scandals
Victims and Tools of Oppression
2. Police Culture, Misconduct, and Consent Decrees
Psychology of Police Culture
Psychology of Police Misconduct and Brutality
The Internal Affairs Process
Community Policing-A Failed Attempt at Change
3. The Psychology of Bias and Racism in Policing
Psychology of Implicit Bias
Threat Assessment by Policy-Does It Foster Implicit Bias?
The Origins of Implicit Bias
Psychological Testing and Bias
Agency Policies and Affirmative Action
Blacks and Women in Policing
4. Police Decision-Making - Law, Policy, and Psychology
The Law and Police Decision-Making
Defining the Force Continuum/Decision Matrix
Why Does an Officer Use Force?
Factors Influencing Use of Force
Use of Force-Physiological and Psychological Responses
Violence Models in Response to Stimuli
5. Deadly Force Decision-Making - Law, Policy and Training
Three Categories of Police Shootings
I Was in Fear for My Life
Black and Policy = Anti-American
6. Psychological Mind-Set and Militarization of American Policy Traditional Policy
Changing Times: From Officer Friendly to a Warrior
Presidential Order 13688 - Law Enforcement Acquires Military Equipment
7. Twenty-First-Century Policing, Crime Control, or Quality Assurance
Twenty-First-Century Policing Task Force
Professionalism through Accreditation
Quality Assurance in Policing
The Psychology of Survival and Disconnect
8. The Future and Recommendations for Change
Psychology of Cultural Change
Building Blocks for Success - Trust and Communication
Not a Police Problem Alone
9. Closing Commentary: Stop Shouting, Start Listening
Appendix: Chief's Letter to Agency Officers Regarding Surveys
