A history of modern Morocco

Machine generated contents note: 1. The closing of the era of Jihad (1830-1860); 2. Facing the challenges of reform (1860-1994); 3. The passing of the old Makhzan (1894-1912); 4. France and Spain in Morocco (1912 -1930); 5. Framing the nation (1930-1961); 6. The first age of Hassan II: the iron fist (1961-1975); 7. The second age of Hassan II: the velvet glove (1975-1999); 8. Summation: in search of a new equilibrium; 9. Postscript: the long decade of Muhammad VI (2000-2011).